India globally possesses a distinct identity not only because of its culture, history and geography but also because of its rich diversity of natural ecosystems. Indian forests are ancient in nature and composition. The people of India perform large number of ceremonies centred on trees and plant. Even today in many parts of India the sacred grove exist and worshiped. There are variety of forests in India which provide shelter to the wide range of fauna, avi-fauna and insects. The dimension of Indian forests ranges from evergreen tropical rain forests in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, the Western Ghats, and the north-eastern states, to dry alpine scrub high in the Himalaya to the north. The country has semi evergreen rain forests, deciduous monsoon forests, thorn forests, subtropical pine forests in the lower montane zone and temperate montane forests.
According to the survey of forest department the actual forest cover of India is 19.27% of the geographic area. There are 16 major forest types recognized which are subdivided into 221 minor types. The main part of tropical forests in India are found in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands; the Western Ghats,the greater Assam region in the north East ern part. Little bit of rain forest are also found in the Orissa state also. It should mention here that the semi evergreen rain forest is more extensive than the evergreen formation as evergreen forest tend to degrade into semi evergreen with human interference.
The forest and tropical vegetation of North East India ( Assam, Nagaland, Manipur, Mizoram, Tripura and Meghalaya as well as the plain regions of Arunachal Pradesh) are evergreen and semi-evergreen rain forests, moist deciduous monsoon forests, riparian forests, swamps and grasslands. Evergreen rain forest are found in Naga Hills, Meghalaya, Mizoram, and Manipur where the rain fall exceeds 2300 mm per annum. The huge Dipterocarpus macrocarpus and Shorea assamica occur singly in Assam. The monsoon forests occur mostly in the north east region and West Bengal. Due to the heavy rain fall in these region, the forest is very dense and heavy which provide shelter and food to the animals of all kind.
In Western Ghat the rain fall is less. The famous forest in this region are several tree species of great commercial significance (e.g. Indian rosewood Dalbergia latifolia, Malabar Kino Pterocarpus marsupium, teak and Terminalia crenulata). In the Southern part there are ranges which have extensive grasslands with patches of ever green forests. These are shelter to elephants, gaur and other large animals.
In short forest is an ecosystem consisting of trees which support innumerable life forms and it is an important part of environment. These are there to clean the air and cool it on hot days and conserve heat at night. More over forest act as an unique sound absorbers. Our rain fall also depends on forest. It is an excellent means to keep our environment balanced.
By : Debalina Debroy
http://ezinearticles.com
According to the survey of forest department the actual forest cover of India is 19.27% of the geographic area. There are 16 major forest types recognized which are subdivided into 221 minor types. The main part of tropical forests in India are found in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands; the Western Ghats,the greater Assam region in the north East ern part. Little bit of rain forest are also found in the Orissa state also. It should mention here that the semi evergreen rain forest is more extensive than the evergreen formation as evergreen forest tend to degrade into semi evergreen with human interference.
The forest and tropical vegetation of North East India ( Assam, Nagaland, Manipur, Mizoram, Tripura and Meghalaya as well as the plain regions of Arunachal Pradesh) are evergreen and semi-evergreen rain forests, moist deciduous monsoon forests, riparian forests, swamps and grasslands. Evergreen rain forest are found in Naga Hills, Meghalaya, Mizoram, and Manipur where the rain fall exceeds 2300 mm per annum. The huge Dipterocarpus macrocarpus and Shorea assamica occur singly in Assam. The monsoon forests occur mostly in the north east region and West Bengal. Due to the heavy rain fall in these region, the forest is very dense and heavy which provide shelter and food to the animals of all kind.
In Western Ghat the rain fall is less. The famous forest in this region are several tree species of great commercial significance (e.g. Indian rosewood Dalbergia latifolia, Malabar Kino Pterocarpus marsupium, teak and Terminalia crenulata). In the Southern part there are ranges which have extensive grasslands with patches of ever green forests. These are shelter to elephants, gaur and other large animals.
In short forest is an ecosystem consisting of trees which support innumerable life forms and it is an important part of environment. These are there to clean the air and cool it on hot days and conserve heat at night. More over forest act as an unique sound absorbers. Our rain fall also depends on forest. It is an excellent means to keep our environment balanced.
By : Debalina Debroy
http://ezinearticles.com
Posted in: General
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